The lathe is one of the important equipment often used in the mechanical processing industry. The feed speed is an important factor affecting the processing effect and quality in lathe processing. Feed speed refers to the speed at which the workpiece moves during lathe processing. In processes such as turning, boring, and drilling, the feed speed will directly affect multiple indicators such as cutting force, cutting temperature, surface roughness, machining accuracy, and machining efficiency of the machined workpiece. Therefore, mastering the influencing factors of lathe feed speed is of great significance to improving lathe processing efficiency and accuracy.
The following is a brief introduction to the influencing factors of lathe feed speed from the following aspects:
1.Material properties:
Different materials have different properties such as hardness, toughness, and machinability. Therefore, during lathe processing, different feed rates and cutting parameters must be selected according to the characteristics of different materials. For example, for materials with higher hardness and easy crystallization, such as alloy steel, titanium alloy, etc., the feed speed should be lower to ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the processed surface.
2. Workpiece shape:
Depending on the shape of the workpiece, the feed speed will also be different. For the processing of straight bar parts, the feed speed can be increased appropriately, while for the processing of workpieces with complex shapes such as thin walls and variable cross-sections, the feed speed should be lower to avoid a reduction in processing accuracy caused by too fast a feed speed.
3. Tool material and shape:
Choosing tools of different materials and shapes will also have an impact on lathe feed speeds. Carbide cutting tools have excellent wear resistance and cutting performance and can adapt to higher feed speed processing, while steel cutting tools should not use excessively high feed speeds.
4. Machine tool stiffness:
The stiffness of the machine tool directly affects the cutting force of lathe processing, which in turn affects the choice of feed speed. Machine tools with greater stiffness can be suitable for higher feed speeds, while machine tools with smaller stiffness are not suitable for selecting too high feed speeds.
In short, mastering the influencing factors of lathe feed speed is the key to improving processing quality and efficiency. Manufacturers can provide different feed speeds and cutting parameters for workpieces of different materials and shapes, and equip them with matching cutting tools and machine tools to improve the quality, efficiency and accuracy of lathe processing.