The processing principles and operating methods of small CNC vertical lathes and large CNC vertical lathes are basically the same, but they are slightly different in size and processing capacity. The following are the processing steps and operating methods of small CNC vertical lathes:

1. Preparation work: First, prepare the workpiece and tools to be processed, and fix them on the workbench of the CNC vertical lathe. At the same time, check whether all equipment and functions of the CNC vertical lathe are normal.

2. Write CNC programs: For small CNC vertical lathes, write CNC programs according to processing requirements to determine processing paths, tool trajectories, cutting parameters, etc. Small CNC vertical lathe CNC programs can be written using professional CNC programming software, or generated through manual programming or CAM software.

3. Set processing parameters: According to the written CNC program, set the processing parameters of the CNC vertical lathe, including rotation speed, feed speed, cutting depth, etc. Ensure that processing parameters match process requirements.

4. Load the CNC program: Load the written CNC program into the control system of the CNC vertical lathe, and verify and debug the program to ensure that the program can run correctly.

5. Start up and run: Start the CNC vertical lathe and perform preheating and debugging before processing. Adjust the position of the workbench and the tool to ensure that the spacing and alignment between the workpiece and the tool are correct.

6. Processing operation: The small CNC vertical lathe starts the CNC vertical lathe to perform processing operations according to the processing path and parameters set by the CNC program. Monitor the processing process and adjust processing parameters and tool positions in a timely manner to ensure the accuracy of processing quality and workpiece size.

7. Processing is completed: After the processing is completed, stop the CNC vertical lathe, remove the processed workpiece, and perform necessary cleaning and inspection work. Check the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the workpiece to ensure that it meets the processing requirements.

8. Clean up the workbench: Clean the workbench and processing area, remove chips and waste materials, and keep the CNC vertical lathe clean and tidy.

Through the above steps, the processing operation of small CNC vertical lathe can be realized to ensure processing quality and production efficiency. During the operation, safe operating procedures need to be strictly followed to ensure the safety of operators and equipment.