Vertical lathe is a common CNC machine tool for axial machining, such as turning, boring, drilling, etc. The horizontal plane of its workbench is perpendicular to the spindle axis, that is, the workpiece is clamped in the horizontal direction and the tool cuts in the vertical direction.
The following are several common types of vertical lathes and their characteristics:

1. Ordinary vertical lathe: Ordinary vertical lathe is the most basic type of vertical lathe, also known as vertical lathe or vertical leg lathe. It usually has a single spindle with the workpiece clamped on the workbench. Ordinary vertical lathes are suitable for turning large and heavy workpieces and have high rigidity and stability. They are often used to process large diameter and long length workpieces.
2. Double-column vertical lathe: A double-column vertical lathe is a vertical lathe with a support structure of two columns. They usually have two opposing spindles that can process two workpieces simultaneously. The double-column vertical lathe is suitable for performing symmetrical or asymmetrical processing operations at the same time, improving production efficiency.
3. Horizontal vertical lathe: The horizontal vertical lathe is a vertical lathe with a horizontal layout. The workbench is placed horizontally and the spindle is perpendicular to the workbench. Horizontal vertical lathes have multiple spindles and turrets, which can process a variety of cutting processes. It usually has a tool magazine and an automatic tool changing system, which can quickly change tools and carry out complex multi-process part processing.

These are some common types of vertical lathes and their characteristics. Each vertical lathe has its own specific application fields and scope of application. Choosing the appropriate type of vertical lathe depends on the size, shape, processing requirements and production efficiency needs of the workpiece.