The speed of CNC lathe has various effects on processing, including the following aspects:

1. Cutting speed: The speed of the CNC lathe determines the linear speed of the cutting tool on the workpiece, that is, the cutting speed. The cutting speed has an important influence on the heat generation, cutting force and cutting torque in the cutting process. Proper cutting speed can improve machining efficiency and surface quality, and avoid premature wear or damage of tools.
2. Cutting force: The speed has a direct impact on the cutting force. Generally speaking, the higher the speed, the greater the cutting force; the lower the speed, the smaller the cutting force. Proper speed selection can reduce the cutting force as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the machining accuracy, reduce the load on the tool and workpiece, and prolong the tool life.
3. Surface quality: The speed has a great influence on the roughness and smoothness of the machined surface. Higher speeds generally reduce cutting eddy currents, reduce cutting edge fluctuations and cutting heat-affected zones, resulting in smoother and finer machined surfaces.
4. Material removal rate: The product of rotational speed and cutting speed and feed rate determine the material removal rate. Increasing the RPM increases the cutting speed, which increases the material removal rate. Proper RPM selection can be adjusted based on factors such as the machining task, material properties and tool performance to obtain the best material removal rate.
5. Tool life: The speed also has an important influence on the life of the tool. Lower speeds can lead to excessive cutting forces and heat buildup, accelerating tool wear. Higher speed can reduce the wear of the cutting edge and prolong the service life of the tool. Choosing an appropriate speed can maximize the life of the tool while improving processing efficiency.

To sum up, the speed of CNC lathe has an important influence on the cutting speed, cutting force, surface quality, material removal rate and tool life during machining. Reasonable selection and adjustment of the speed, and optimization according to specific processing tasks and material characteristics can effectively improve processing efficiency and quality.