The speed selection of CNC vertical lathe is based on multiple factors. The following are some key factors and general guiding principles that affect speed selection:

1. Tool and workpiece materials:

The material and type of CNC vertical lathe tools have a direct impact on the rotation speed selection. High speed steel tools are suitable for lower speeds, while carbide tools, ceramic tools and coated tools are suitable for higher speeds.

The hardness, strength and thermal conductivity of the workpiece material will also affect the choice of rotation speed. Softer materials can allow higher rotational speeds, while harder materials may require lower rotational speeds to reduce cutting forces.

2. Cutting depth and feed speed:

When the cutting depth of CNC vertical lathe is large, a lower speed needs to be selected to reduce cutting force and avoid tool overload.

An increase in feed rate usually requires an increase in rotational speed to maintain cutting efficiency.

3. Use of cutting fluid:

The use of cutting fluid in CNC vertical lathes can effectively lower the cutting temperature, reduce tool wear, and allow higher rotational speeds.

4. CNC vertical lathe rigidity and stability:

The rigidity and stability of CNC vertical lathes are crucial for selecting high speeds. Machine tools with poor rigidity may vibrate or become unstable at high speeds.

5. Processing accuracy and surface quality:

Higher speeds of CNC vertical lathes usually result in better machining accuracy and surface quality, but may also lead to increased tool wear.

6. Diameter and length of tool:

The larger the diameter of the CNC vertical turning tool, the lower the allowed rotational speed is usually.

The longer the length of the CNC vertical turning tool, the more stiffness issues need to be considered, and the rotation speed may need to be reduced.

When choosing the speed of a CNC vertical lathe, some experimentation and adjustments are usually required to find the speed that best suits the current processing conditions. It is also a good idea to refer to the recommended speed range provided by the tool supplier. In practical applications, it is usually recommended that CNC vertical lathes start at a lower speed and then gradually increase the speed while observing the cutting process, tool wear and processing quality to find the best speed setting.

Please note that the specific speed selection is also affected by the technical specifications and performance limitations of the CNC vertical lathe itself, so you need to refer to the machine tool manufacturer's guidelines and recommendations in actual operation.