In vertical lathes, the straightness deviation of the guide rail is a very important indicator. The size of this indicator directly affects the processing accuracy and stability of the vertical lathe. In order to ensure the processing quality of the product, optical instruments must be used in vertical lathes to measure the straightness deviation of the guide rail and understand its characteristics. This article will explain in detail the characteristics of linear deviation of optical instruments in measuring guide rails.
First, let’s understand the concept of guide rail linearity loss. Guide rail straightness deviation is the degree to which the guide rail deviates from ideal straightness. It is calculated by selecting three different positions on the rail, measuring the offset at each position, and calculating the maximum offset. Generally speaking, the straightness deviation of guide rails is divided into four levels, namely level 0, level 1, level 2 and level 3. Among them, level 0 is the best and level 3 is the worst.
Optical instruments are one of the common tools used to measure the linear deviation of guide rails. When optical instruments measure linear deviation of guide rails, they usually use interferometers or microscopes. An interferometer is a tool that measures the linear deviation of a guide rail through the interference of light. By shining a light source onto the guide rail, the reflected light is introduced into the interferometer, and the optical path difference is measured using the interferometer's ruler, thereby calculating the linear deviation of the guide rail. The microscope can observe the deflection of the guide rail by magnifying the image of the guide rail, and can also be used to measure the linear deviation of the guide rail.
When using optical instruments to measure guide rail straightness deviation, you need to pay attention to the following characteristics. The first is the impact of the guide rail's manufacturing process on the linearity deviation of the guide rail. In the guide rail manufacturing process, such as the adjustment of the lathe and the fixation of the machine tool, etc., all will affect the straightness deviation of the guide rail. Secondly, the influence of the use environment of the guide rail on the straightness deviation of the guide rail. In the environment in which the guide rail is used, factors such as temperature and humidity will affect the straightness deviation of the guide rail. Finally, there is the impact of different guide rail materials on the linearity deviation of the guide rail. Guide rails made of different materials have different straightness deviations. The guide rail material needs to be selected according to the actual situation.
In summary, it is very important to use optical instruments to measure the straightness deviation of the guide rail in vertical lathes. Only by mastering the characteristics of the linear deviation of the guide rail can we accurately measure the linear deviation of the guide rail and ensure the processing accuracy and stability of the vertical lathe. In actual use, it is also necessary to select the appropriate guide rail material and usage environment according to the actual situation to ensure that the straightness deviation of the guide rail is within a controllable range, thereby ensuring the quality of the product.