CNC vertical lathe mainly consists of the following parts:

1. Supporting parts: This is the basic part of CNC vertical lathe, including bed, column and workbench, etc. It is mainly made of cast iron parts. These components provide stable support for the machine tool, ensuring stability and accuracy during machining.

2. Spindle components: The spindle component is the core part of the CNC vertical lathe. It includes the spindle box, transmission ring gear, bearings, etc. The CNC vertical lathe spindle drives the workbench to rotate the workpiece and complete the cutting process. The accuracy and stability of the spindle directly affect the processing quality.

3. Control system: The control system is the "brain" of the CNC vertical lathe. It is responsible for receiving and processing instructions, and controlling the movement and processing process of the machine tool. The control system usually consists of numerical control devices, electrical control devices, input devices and output devices.

4. Servo system: The servo system is a key component to realize CNC vertical lathe movement. It drives the spindle, feed axis and other moving parts to achieve precise displacement and speed control according to the instructions of the control system.

5. Automatic tool changer: For CNC vertical lathes that require frequent tool changes, the automatic tool changer can greatly improve the processing efficiency. It can automatically complete tool replacement and adjustment without interrupting the machining process during CNC vertical lathe.

6. Automatic pallet changing system: This is a key component to realize automatic loading and unloading of workpieces, which can further improve processing efficiency and reduce manual intervention.

7. Auxiliary systems: CNC vertical lathes include cooling systems, lubrication systems, chip removal systems, etc., which provide necessary support and guarantee for the normal operation of machine tools.

These parts work together to enable CNC vertical lathes to efficiently and accurately complete the processing tasks of various complex workpieces. It should be noted that different models of CNC vertical lathes may have structural differences, but the overall structure and working principle are similar.