A CNC machine tool is a device that controls machine tool movement and processing technology through pre-written CNC programs. CNC machine tools have a higher degree of automation and precision, and can achieve more complex machining tasks. The following are some basic concepts and characteristics about CNC machine tools:

1. CNC system: The core of CNC machine tools is the CNC system, which consists of hardware and software. Hardware includes CNC devices, electrical control systems, motion control systems, etc.; software includes CNC programming systems, processing parameter setting systems, etc. The CNC system is responsible for receiving CNC programs, interpreting instructions, generating control signals, and controlling the movement of each axis to implement the machining process.

2. CNC program: CNC machine tools control the machining process through CNC programs. A CNC program is a collection of instructions that describes the workpiece's geometry, processing path, tool selection, processing parameters and other information. Common CNC programming languages include G code and M code.

3. Coordinate system: In CNC machine tools, workpiece coordinate system and machine tool coordinate system are usually established. The workpiece coordinate system is relative to the workpiece and is used to describe the geometry and processing path of the workpiece; the machine tool coordinate system is relative to the machine tool and is used to control the movement of the machine tool.

4. Automated processing: CNC machine tools can achieve a highly automated processing process. The operator only needs to write the CNC program, load and run it through the CNC system, and the machine tool can automatically complete the processing task, greatly improving production efficiency and processing accuracy.

5. Flexibility: CNC machine tools have high flexibility and can quickly adjust and switch according to different processing requirements and workpiece characteristics. By modifying the CNC program or adjusting the processing parameters, the processing of different shapes, sizes and materials can be achieved.

6. Accuracy and repeatability: CNC machine tools have high processing accuracy and repeated positioning accuracy, which can achieve precise processing of complex parts and maintain consistent processing quality in multiple processing.

7. Monitoring and diagnosis: CNC machine tools are equipped with monitoring systems and diagnostic functions, which can monitor various parameters during the processing process in real time, discover and solve problems in a timely manner, and improve the stability and reliability of the equipment.

In general, CNC machine tools play an important role in modern manufacturing. It not only improves production efficiency and processing accuracy, but also brings greater flexibility and competitive advantages to manufacturing companies.