A metal cutting CNC vertical lathe is a CNC machine tool specially designed for vertical cutting. It has the characteristics of high speed and high precision, usually involving the following aspects of design and function:

1. High-speed cutting: CNC vertical lathes are usually designed for high-speed cutting to improve production efficiency. This involves high-speed axis movement and appropriate spindle speed to complete the cutting operation in a short time.

2. High-precision control: CNC systems are crucial for high-precision machining. By using high-resolution encoders and sophisticated control algorithms, CNC vertical lathes can achieve micron-level positioning and processing accuracy.

3. Multi-axis control: In order to achieve more complex cutting contours and shapes, CNC vertical lathes are usually equipped with multiple CNC axes.

4. Automatic tool switching: In order to adapt to different processing needs, high-speed and high-precision CNC vertical lathes are usually equipped with automatic tool switching systems, allowing different types of tools to be automatically replaced during the processing process.

5. High-speed spindle: A rapidly rotating spindle is the key to achieving high-speed cutting. High-speed spindles allow for higher cutting speeds, thereby increasing productivity.

6. Rigid machine tool structure: In order to ensure high-precision processing, the machine tool structure of CNC vertical lathes usually adopts high-strength and high-rigidity designs. This helps reduce vibration and deformation and improves machining accuracy.

7. Efficient cooling system: In high-speed and high-precision processing, a large amount of heat will be generated. Therefore, CNC vertical lathes are usually equipped with efficient cooling systems to ensure that the workpiece and tool maintain the appropriate temperature during processing.

8. Advanced CNC programming: Developing high-speed and high-precision CNC programs is a critical step. Using advanced CNC programming technology, including optimized tool path planning and dynamic cutting parameter adjustment, machining efficiency and accuracy can be maximized.

9. Automation functions: In order to improve production efficiency and reduce manual intervention, high-speed and high-precision CNC vertical lathes may integrate some automation functions, such as automatic workpiece clamping, automatic measurement and compensation, etc.

These characteristics make high-speed and high-precision CNC vertical lathes a critical tool for performing precision metal cutting tasks in the manufacturing industry.