The vertical CNC lathe is a high-precision and high-efficiency machine tool equipment. Its structure includes: bed, bed board, spindle, spindle head, feed shaft, cutting tool holder, turret, hydraulic system, lubrication system, cooling system, electrical control system, etc. The functions and characteristics of these structures are introduced in turn below.
The bed and bed board are the supporting structures of the vertical CNC lathe, and the stability and rigidity of the entire machine tool are related to them. The bed needs to have high rigidity, strength, and stability; the bed board needs to be flat, smooth, and rigid. Only in this way can the high-precision cutting of CNC lathes be ensured.
The spindle and spindle head are important components of a vertical CNC lathe. The spindle is responsible for driving the cutting tool for cutting processing, while the spindle head needs to ensure the fixation of the tool and the stability during cutting. The spindle needs to have high toughness, high rigidity, high precision, etc., while the spindle head needs to have high rigidity, high precision, etc.
The feed axis is one of the important parts of CNC lathe. It controls the forward, backward and lifting movements of the workpiece during movement. The feed axis needs to have the characteristics of high heavy load, high rigidity, and high precision to ensure the smooth and precise movement of the workpiece.
The cutting tool holder and turret are also important parts of the vertical CNC lathe. They control the tool for cutting operations. The cutting tool holder needs to have high rigidity, high precision, and high stability, while the turret needs to have high rigidity and easy tool change.
The hydraulic system, lubrication system, and cooling system are auxiliary equipment for CNC lathes. The hydraulic system can control the operation of various mechanical components of the machine tool; the lubrication system can maintain normal lubrication of various components of the machine tool, reduce wear, and increase the service life of the machine tool; the cooling system can cool the tool and workpiece, reduce the processing temperature, and improve cutting efficiency and Accuracy.
The electrical control system is the core part of the CNC lathe, which includes CNC, frequency converter, servo motor and other components. The CNC can control the movement and processing parameters of the machine tool to achieve CNC machining; the frequency converter can control the spindle speed to achieve different speed adjustments during the machining process; the servo motor can control the operation of the feed axis, spindle, etc. to achieve precise motion control.
In general, the structure of a vertical CNC lathe is very complex, but each component plays a vital role. Only when each component performs at its best can efficient, high-precision CNC machining be truly achieved.