To avoid deformation of vertical CNC lathes, we can start from the following aspects:

1. Material selection: It is key for CNC lathes to select materials suitable for processing. If the hardness of the material is too high or the strength is insufficient, it may cause excessive cutting force during processing, thereby causing deformation of the lathe. Therefore, CNC lathes need to fully understand the workpiece material before processing and select appropriate processing parameters according to its characteristics.

2. Cutting parameter optimization: CNC lathe cutting parameters such as cutting speed, feed speed and cutting depth will affect cutting force and thermal deformation. CNC lathes should select appropriate cutting parameters according to the hardness of the material and processing requirements. Too low cutting speed or too high feed speed may cause unstable cutting force and cause deformation of the workpiece.

3. Clamping method optimization: The reasonable clamping method of CNC lathes can effectively prevent deformation of workpieces. The size of the clamping force should be evenly distributed to avoid excessive local stress. At the same time, CNC lathes should use suitable fixtures and fixture forms to make them in close contact with the workpiece and effectively fix the workpiece. Avoid deformation problems caused by sliding, shaking and other phenomena of the workpiece.

4. Coolant use: Appropriate coolant use of CNC lathes can effectively reduce the temperature of the workpiece and reduce thermal deformation during cutting. The coolant suitable for the workpiece material should be selected and used reasonably to dissipate the cutting heat evenly. At the same time, the CNC lathe regularly checks the quality and use of the coolant to maintain its stability and reliability during the processing.

5. CNC lathe maintenance: Regularly maintain and service the CNC lathe to ensure the normal operation of each component. In particular, key components such as the spindle and guide rails should be regularly inspected and maintained to avoid deformation of the lathe due to wear or failure.

6. Structural design optimization: For vertical CNC lathes, optimizing their structural design is also an important means to prevent deformation. For example, the use of thermal symmetric structures, inclined bed and flat bed and inclined slide structures can reduce thermal deformation caused by heat sources. At the same time, CNC lathes use thermal balance measures to reduce the impact of structural limitations on thermal deformation.

In summary, avoiding deformation of vertical CNC lathes requires multiple aspects, including material selection, cutting parameter optimization, clamping method optimization, coolant use, CNC lathe maintenance and structural design optimization, etc. By comprehensively considering these factors, the deformation problem of vertical CNC lathes can be effectively reduced and the processing accuracy and production efficiency can be improved.